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Timeline for sums of rational squares

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Feb 16, 2012 at 7:36 comment added François Brunault The fact that $p \equiv 3 \pmod{4}$ can't be written as a sum of two rational squares can also be proved $p$-adically : if $p d^2 = a^2+b^2$ then $-1$ would be a square mod $p$, which is impossible. In modern language the equation $p=x^2+y^2$ has obstruction precisely at $2$ and at $p$.
Feb 15, 2012 at 22:05 vote accept Michael Beeson
Feb 15, 2012 at 20:23 comment added Cam McLeman Ah, the ol' "clearing the denominator trick." Great!
Feb 15, 2012 at 20:19 comment added Will Sawin Can't one just say that if a=(b/c)^2+(d/e)^2, then ac^2e^2=(be)^2+(cd)^2? So this reduces to the statement that if a number can't be written as the sum of two integer squares, then that number times a square can't be written as the sum of two integer squares. But this is obvious given the theorem on which numbers are the sum of two integer squares.
Feb 15, 2012 at 20:01 history answered Cam McLeman CC BY-SA 3.0