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May 17, 2011 at 2:17 vote accept Jess Riedel
May 17, 2011 at 2:17 comment added Jess Riedel This answer seems to be best currently available, so I'm accepting it. If I make any progress, or find more comprehensive info elsewhere, I'll post it as a separate answer.
May 17, 2011 at 2:15 comment added Jess Riedel I don't think your argument for the Schmidt decomposition minimizing entropy goes through because I am considering the set of all possible orthonomal bases of product states, not just those canonically constructed from local bases of the subsystems. Nonetheless, I have proven the claim is true by constructing explicitly a sequence of decomps, from an arbitrary product-state decomp to the Schmidt decomp, which are ordered by the majorization partial order. This proves the Schmidt decomposition minimizes all functions F[{p_i}] = sum_i f(p_i) of the spectrum, f(p) concave, not just entropy.
May 9, 2011 at 17:21 history answered Sebastian Meznaric CC BY-SA 3.0