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Oct 29 at 0:19 comment added Ravi Vakil @R.vanDobbendeBruyn how is it not citable?
Oct 12 at 7:10 comment added user4231 In the meantime I found Thm 4.16 in math.ru.nl/~bmoonen/BookAV/Quotients.pdf It is not from a paper or a book, but might be good enough
Oct 10 at 20:39 comment added R. van Dobben de Bruyn @RaviVakil thanks, but I think mine doesn't fully answer it, so I left a comment. I have the feeling the OP is specifically looking for a citable source, which I'm not sure I can provide.
Oct 10 at 18:51 comment added Ravi Vakil @R.vanDobbendeBruyn do you want to give that as an answer so it can be accepted? You might mention for the second that $X \rightarrow X/G$ is an $G$-bundle, hence etale-locally of the form $Y \times G \rightarrow Y$, which is finite; and finiteness of morphisms descends under etale maps, thereby answring both questions.
Oct 8 at 16:57 comment added R. van Dobben de Bruyn In 1, the two conditions are equivalent (even when $X \to S$ is only assumed separated). Indeed, the map you wrote down is a map of schemes over $X$ (via the second projection), where $G \times_S X \to X$ is finite, hence proper. If $Z$ is the scheme-theoretic image, then $G \times_S X \to Z$ is proper [Tag 01W6], hence a closed immersion if it is a monomorphism [Tag 04XV].
Oct 8 at 15:38 history asked user4231 CC BY-SA 4.0