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Oct 5 at 6:27 history bounty ended Daniel Flores
Oct 4 at 19:01 vote accept Daniel Flores
Oct 5 at 6:27
Oct 4 at 19:01 comment added Daniel Flores Yes, you're right! thank you so much for your help.
Oct 4 at 16:01 comment added Stanley Yao Xiao @DanielFlores For non-square free $q$ it suffices to note that you can use Hensel's lemma to lift roots modulo $p$ to roots modulo $p^k$ uniquely; in fact they must correspond to linear factors of $ax^k + by^k$ over $\mathbb{Q}_p$. This works always provided that a root mod $p$ exists and $p$ does not divide the discriminant of $ax^k + by^k$, which in this case is just a power of $ab$ times some constant factor depending only on $k$ I think. This should allow the argument to generalize to arbitrary $q$.
Oct 3 at 21:12 comment added Daniel Flores A similar argument seems to work for squarefree q, I am unsure how the this lattice argument can be extended to q which is not squarefree since the reduction to linear congruences does not seem to be as simple.
Oct 1 at 3:00 history answered Stanley Yao Xiao CC BY-SA 4.0