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Jun 7 at 14:47 vote accept Kevin Buzzard
Apr 18 at 19:57 answer added user516477 timeline score: 6
Apr 17 at 14:21 comment added François Brunault We have the identity $(\partial X/\partial u)/(2Y+X) = 1/u$, which expresses the fact that the invariant differential is $du/u$ (since $u=e^{2\pi iz}$). It seems easy to prove.
Apr 17 at 13:37 comment added Kevin Buzzard @i9Fn thanks -- fixed
Apr 17 at 13:37 history edited Kevin Buzzard CC BY-SA 4.0
Fix formula for Y as per comment
Apr 15 at 13:39 comment added Peter Taylor It might be worth rewriting the double sums to instead be of the form $\sum_{d \ge 1} f(d) \frac{q^d}{1-q^d}$.
Apr 15 at 9:19 comment added i9Fn A minor typo, it should be $Y=\frac{u^{\color{red}{2}}}{(1-u)^3}+\ldots$
Apr 15 at 8:38 comment added Chris Wuthrich I would even be interested in any argument avoiding the complex parametrisation, but high-brow algebraic geometry would be ok. Though Kevin might not want that.
Apr 15 at 7:57 comment added Kevin Buzzard I've removed the word "combinatorial" from the question because it has connotations which I didn't mean to imply.
Apr 15 at 7:56 history edited Kevin Buzzard CC BY-SA 4.0
remove the word "combinatorial" from the question as per comments
Apr 15 at 7:51 comment added Kevin Buzzard Sorry for the ambiguity -- I just mean "proof which involves goofing around with power series and no complex analysis"
Apr 14 at 3:08 comment added Ira Gessel Some people use the word "combinatorial" for anything to do with (formal) power series. Other people call such things "analytic."
Apr 14 at 2:59 comment added Timothy Chow Combinatorialists sometimes reserve the term "purely combinatorial" for situations involving only positive integers (because then you can hope that the integers count some kind of combinatorial object). Is there a formulation of the identity that doesn't involve minus signs? Alternatively, what about a proof that doesn't use any analysis, and involves only manipulation of formal power series? Combinatorialists might not call such an argument "combinatorial" but maybe you'd be satisfied with it.
Apr 14 at 2:33 comment added Steven Stadnicki By 'combinatorial' are you thinking expanding out $X$ and $Y$ into formal power series in $u$ and $q$ and finding a way of equating terms? Do you have a combinatorial interpretation for either of them? (Very much looking forward to seeing if anyone has an answer to your question, incidentally; it's an excellent one!)
Apr 14 at 0:33 history asked Kevin Buzzard CC BY-SA 4.0