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Nov 14 at 8:42 comment added Max Demirdilek The finite-dimensional vector spaces are precisely the compact objects in the category of vector spaces, i.e. those vector spaces $V$ such that $\operatorname{Hom}(V,-)$ preserves filtered colimits. That is essentially what Todd writes in a comment under his answer, though.
Oct 5, 2018 at 17:01 comment added Kevin Buzzard Quaochu: here is an answer to your question! You find down the back of your sofa a function which sends a vector space to a cardinal, and a theorem saying that the function sends V to the cardinality of any basis of V. You choose to discard the theorem and then you define a vector space to be finite-dimensional if the cardinal returned by the function is finite. You decide not to investigate how the function was defined.
Jan 18, 2017 at 19:15 comment added Noam D. Elkies finite spanning sets?
Oct 10, 2016 at 21:48 comment added Qiaochu Yuan Yeah, that's what I meant, sorry. In my defense it's been 7 years since I could edit that comment.
Oct 9, 2016 at 5:00 comment added Włodzimierz Holsztyński @QiaochuYuan, these (strict) inclusions are sent to (strict) surjections, no?
Oct 15, 2009 at 18:22 comment added Qiaochu Yuan Let me suggest the following strategy, then: to any chain of subspaces in V there is associated a dual chain in V*. If one can show that strict inclusions are sent to strict inclusions, then V and V* have the same dimension.
Oct 14, 2009 at 4:57 comment added Richard Dore Every increasing (or decreasing) sequence of subspaces stabilizes in finitely many steps.
Oct 14, 2009 at 0:52 history answered Qiaochu Yuan CC BY-SA 2.5