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Dec 22, 2023 at 10:55 comment added YCor Actually this argument is very natural because if trying to prove that the answer is positive, essentially the only thing to show is that every decreasing sequence of nonzero element has a nonzero lower bound (Parovicenko characterization of BAs isomorphic to $2^\omega/$fin under CH). Once one tries to do so, one sees that the density provides an obvious obstruction.
Dec 22, 2023 at 3:35 comment added Iosif Pinelis One may say that "the famous construction of Hausdorff" is a species of the diagonal argument. Indeed, if the elements of the set $A_0\cap\cdots\cap A_n$ are $b_{n,0}<b_{n,1}<\cdots$, then $A=\{b_{0,0},b_{1,1},\ldots\}$.
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:42 comment added Michael Hardy ok, Got it. $\qquad$
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:38 comment added Joel David Hamkins ...the least element of $A_0$. This is the index when you enumerate it in order $a_0,a_1,a_2,$ and so forth. But if you want to start at $n=1$, the construction will also work fine.
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:35 comment added Michael Hardy So the $0\text{th}$ element of $A_0$ is . . . $\qquad$
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:33 comment added Joel David Hamkins @MichaelHardy I start my enumerations with 0.
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:32 comment added Michael Hardy Or "for every $n$ except $0$"? $\qquad$
Dec 21, 2023 at 21:32 history edited Joel David Hamkins CC BY-SA 4.0
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Dec 21, 2023 at 20:28 comment added Dominic van der Zypen Thanks for this really elegant argument!
Dec 21, 2023 at 20:27 vote accept Dominic van der Zypen
Dec 21, 2023 at 17:45 history edited Joel David Hamkins CC BY-SA 4.0
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Dec 21, 2023 at 16:38 comment added Joel David Hamkins I added a brief explanation. See also my essay on the orders of infinty at infinitelymore.xyz/p/the-orders-of-infinity.
Dec 21, 2023 at 16:37 history edited Joel David Hamkins CC BY-SA 4.0
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Dec 21, 2023 at 16:34 comment added Iosif Pinelis Could you please explain what "the famous construction of Hausdorff" is or give a reference to it?
Dec 21, 2023 at 16:27 history answered Joel David Hamkins CC BY-SA 4.0