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Jan 18 at 20:47 comment added Zach Hunter okay the lemmas are properly written. the conclusion is not the prettiest, but hopefully clear now.
Jan 18 at 20:45 history edited Zach Hunter CC BY-SA 4.0
added 1443 characters in body
Jan 18 at 6:06 comment added Zach Hunter ah sorry, I really should. I will set a reminder to do it tonight after work.
Jan 18 at 2:46 comment added Timothy Chow @ZachHunter Are you going to rewrite your answer?
Dec 20, 2023 at 9:32 history bounty ended Simd
Dec 17, 2023 at 11:42 comment added Zach Hunter yeah I will rewrite in a day or so.
Dec 17, 2023 at 8:20 comment added Alex Ravsky @FedorPetrov I usually read all comments.
Dec 17, 2023 at 6:58 comment added Fedor Petrov @ZachHunter then I suggest to rewrite the answer, as now it looks like incomplete, and my MO experience says that nobody reads the comments
Dec 16, 2023 at 17:27 comment added Zach Hunter oops I forgot it was over an interval, I thought you meant as a function to $p$. yeah that looks good.
Dec 16, 2023 at 8:04 comment added Fedor Petrov $\epsilon_2$ is a constant, what do you mean by shrunking exponentially? We remain in the same interval $[\alpha,\beta]$ only for finitely many steps, and when we leave it, the probability is already at least $\beta$.
Dec 12, 2023 at 15:09 comment added Zach Hunter yeah but if $\epsilon_2$ shrunk exponentially with each iteration, you could be screwed. but really $\epsilon_2$ should be a decreasing function of $p$ (presumably). in which case, we always increase by $\epsilon_2(.99)$ until we get the desired ratio.
Dec 12, 2023 at 6:42 comment added Fedor Petrov if you want to avoid computations, then simply note that $((1-\epsilon) p+\epsilon q):((1-\epsilon) q)>p:q$, thus for every closed interval $[\alpha,\beta]\subset (0,1)$ there exist $\epsilon_1,\epsilon_2>0$ such that if $p\in [\alpha,\beta]$ and you perform $\epsilon_1n$ steps, then the density $p$ increases at least by $\epsilon_2$ with probability $1-o(1)$. This suffices.
Dec 12, 2023 at 3:43 comment added Fedor Petrov If you have $n$ balls, the density of white is $p\in (10^{-9},1-10^{-2}]$ and you apply $10^{-9}n$ steps, the density seems to increase at least by $10^{-1000}$
Dec 12, 2023 at 2:24 comment added GH from MO In your first display, $p$ cannot exceed $1/4$, because in that case $p-4p^2$ is negative.
Dec 12, 2023 at 0:57 history edited Zach Hunter CC BY-SA 4.0
bad wifi. half of my edit was missing last time.
Dec 12, 2023 at 0:36 history edited Zach Hunter CC BY-SA 4.0
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Dec 12, 2023 at 0:30 comment added Zach Hunter okay yeah, $f(a,b)\ge a/(a+b)$ is easy. the main annoying thing with getting 99 percent is showing that we converge to 1 rather than some weird other solution (presumably you could show that the amount we increment at each stage is monotone, but that requires calculation). but doing a billion Chernoff bounds is what I want to do. I just don't have the know-how to make sure the differential equation that underlies things actually tends to 1 (though it surely ought to).
Dec 11, 2023 at 20:46 comment added Fedor Petrov We have a uniform bound $f(a, b) \ge a/(a+b) $. For getting at least 99 percent of white balls we may partition the steps onto billion parts and apply Chernoff bound for each part, can not we?
Dec 11, 2023 at 17:03 history answered Zach Hunter CC BY-SA 4.0