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Sep 11, 2023 at 13:15 comment added Gabe Goldberg @JoelDavidHamkins It looks like Elliot has already done a better job than I would have
Sep 9, 2023 at 21:44 comment added James E Hanson @GabeGoldberg I'm guessing that relatedly one could give a model of ZF in which the reals are the union of a projectively definable sequence of countable sets. Is this right?
Sep 9, 2023 at 21:14 comment added Joel David Hamkins @GabeGoldberg That sounds great! I suggest you post an answer with a fuller account.
Sep 9, 2023 at 20:13 comment added Gabe Goldberg It's consistent with ZF that there is a singularization of $\omega_1$ that is $\Sigma_5$-definable over $H(\omega_1)$; this happens if one performs a symmetric collapse over $L$ making $\aleph_{\omega}$ become $\aleph_1$. ZFC proves that there is no $\Sigma_5$-definable singularization (since there is no singularization whatsoever). So ZFC is not projectively conservative over ZF, right?
Sep 9, 2023 at 18:31 comment added Joel David Hamkins See also here mathoverflow.net/a/8392/1946 for the projective conservativity of ZFC over ZF+DC.
Sep 9, 2023 at 18:09 comment added Timothy Chow Maybe another partial anti-answer would go something like this: If we allow ourselves to assume projective determinacy (PD), then (I believe) there are no known "natural" unprovable statements in second-order arithmetic. This would seem to narrow the space of possible candidates considerably.
Sep 9, 2023 at 17:54 comment added Noah Schweber @JamesHanson Yes, it's a partial anti-answer.
Sep 9, 2023 at 17:54 comment added James E Hanson So this would be an anti-answer to question 2 specifically, right?
S Sep 9, 2023 at 17:52 history answered Noah Schweber CC BY-SA 4.0
S Sep 9, 2023 at 17:52 history made wiki Post Made Community Wiki by Noah Schweber