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Jul 18, 2023 at 18:23 comment added paul garrett More generally, over non-archimedean local fields, unipotent (linear) groups are ascending unions of compact subgroups. (This is what makes Jacquet modules work so well.) Not so in the archimedean case. And not for $GL(1)$ over non-archimedean fields, either.
Jul 18, 2023 at 17:20 comment added Will Sawin @KevinCasto Oh, sorry, my comment was completely garbled. It should be characters of the additive group, where the exponential map provides the example to show the archimedean fields behave differently.
Jul 18, 2023 at 2:31 comment added Rits @MattYoung, thank you, it was a great and a clear answer. It also answers all my questions in the comment in the below answer!
Jul 18, 2023 at 2:27 vote accept Rits
Jul 18, 2023 at 0:59 comment added Will Sawin @KevinCasto But it is not true for the fields $\mathbb R$ and $\mathbb C$, which also appear in his work, as the identity function gives a quasi-character that's not a character. So maybe taking circle-valued multiplicative characters is a way of forcing the fields to behave like each other, in that $\mathbb C^*$-valued multiplicative characters have different natures for the archimedean and non-archimedean fields.
Jul 17, 2023 at 23:00 comment added Matt Young This is true for $k$ any locally compact non-archimedean field. Any $x \in k$ is contained in a compact subgroup, such as the set of $y \in k$ with $|y| \leq |x|$. The image of any compact subgroup must be contained in $S^1$.
Jul 17, 2023 at 22:46 comment added Kevin Casto Is it true for all of the fields that Tate is considering that the image of any continuous additive character $k^+ \to \mathbb C^*$ actually lands in $S^1$?
Jul 17, 2023 at 21:59 comment added LSpice Great explanation, and right to the point. This same idea is, in some very broad sense, at the root of why diagonalizable and unipotent groups behave so differently.
Jul 17, 2023 at 21:58 history edited LSpice CC BY-SA 4.0
Typo
Jul 17, 2023 at 20:29 history answered Matt Young CC BY-SA 4.0