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Jul 14, 2023 at 8:58 comment added Keith Kearnes @AlexKruckman: I meant that a 'partial isomorphism' is often defined to be a certain kind of partial function $f\colon M\to N$ between different structures. Also, the domain and codomain are often taken to be subsets rather than substructures.
Jul 14, 2023 at 0:33 comment added Alex Kruckman @KeithKearnes That's good to know, thanks for the reference. I didn't mean to suggest the terminology hadn't been used, just that I hadn't heard it. I'm curious about the other meaning of "partial isomorphism". Are you referring to the back-and-forth notion? I've seen people define structure to be "partially isomorphic" if there is a back-and-forth system between them, but define a "partial isomorphism" to be a single isomorphism between substructures - so e.g. the maps in the back-and-forth system are partial isomorphisms. (This is not ideal terminology!)
Jul 13, 2023 at 21:02 comment added Keith Kearnes @AlexKruckman: The phrase 'internal isomorphism' for 'isomorphism between substructures' has a long history. It appears on the first page of A.F.Pixley, The ternary discriminator function in universal algebra. Math. Ann. 191 (1971), 167-180. This is probably not the first use of it. On the other hand, 'partial isomorphism' typically means something different than 'isomorphism between substructures'.
Jul 11, 2023 at 20:25 comment added Alex Kruckman I've never heard an isomorphism between substructures called an internal isomorphism. These are usually called partial isomorphisms, or partial automorphisms, in the case that the domain and codomain are substructures of a single structure. Searching for this keyword indicates that there's a reasonably large literature on "inverse semigroups" and "inverse monoids" which are algebraic structures abstracting partial automorphism monoids. The theorem you're looking for is probably in that literature.
Jul 11, 2023 at 19:17 comment added Pablo By internal isomorphism, I mean an isomorphism between substructures.
Jul 11, 2023 at 19:13 history edited Pablo CC BY-SA 4.0
Add explanation about intarnal isomorphism
Jul 10, 2023 at 22:29 comment added tomasz Like Alex, I'm not sure what you mean by "internal isomorphism", but perhaps you are talking about the construction which, given a set $X$ and a closed $G\leq \operatorname{Sym}(X)$, yields a structure with universe $X$, whose automorphism group is exactly $G$? In that case, it suffices to add (for each natural $n$) a predicate for each orbit of $G$ in $X^n$.
Jul 10, 2023 at 17:00 comment added Alex Kruckman Also, what is an internal isomorphism in this context?
Jul 10, 2023 at 16:54 comment added Alex Kruckman Can you give a more precise reference? On what page of this book is the theorem mentioned?
S Jul 10, 2023 at 1:10 review First questions
Jul 10, 2023 at 2:35
S Jul 10, 2023 at 1:10 history asked Pablo CC BY-SA 4.0