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Apr 26, 2023 at 17:30 comment added Calvin McPhail-Snyder I was hopeful that, say, writing $K$ as a braid closure would be enough but it looks like that isn't the case.
Apr 26, 2023 at 17:21 comment added Andy Putman Yeah, I don't think there is any simple condition on the knot diagram that ensures that two particular generators in the Wirtinger Presentation are distinct. As far as the general condition about 3-manifold groups, what it follows from is the classification of abelian subgroups of 3-manifold groups, which can be found in Hempel's book.
Apr 26, 2023 at 17:20 comment added Calvin McPhail-Snyder The goal of the distinct arcs condition was to try to guarantee that $x_1$ and $x_2$ are actually different elements of $\pi(K)$ but I think it might be a little harder to ensure this.
Apr 26, 2023 at 17:19 comment added Calvin McPhail-Snyder Thanks! That's quite helpful. I thought there was some fact like this about 3-manifold groups but didn't know it precisely.
Apr 26, 2023 at 13:42 comment added Andy Putman (it is easy to find examples where they are the same — take a diagram and do a bunch of silly Reidemeister moves to complicate it unnecessarily)
Apr 26, 2023 at 13:38 comment added Andy Putman They will always commute if it’s the diagram of a trivial knot. But I think this points to the general phenomenon: in a 3-manifold group, two infinite-order elements commute if and only if they either lie in a common cyclic subgroup or they are in the image of a pi_1-injective torus. Since your loops are meridians, thinking about the fact that they both map to the same generator of H_1 implies that they will commute if and only of they are identical elements of pi_1.
Apr 26, 2023 at 13:02 history asked Calvin McPhail-Snyder CC BY-SA 4.0