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Mar 21, 2023 at 1:03 comment added LSpice At least for me, I read ahead before processing, so that, by the time I registered the urging to try the problem before reading the answer, I had already read the answer. I hope you don't mind that I added the >! spoiler syntax to give others the fun of trying for themselves if they wanted.
Mar 21, 2023 at 1:02 history edited LSpice CC BY-SA 4.0
Spoiler'd answer
Mar 21, 2023 at 0:37 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
corrected statement about inverting $x^2\pm\sqrt{x}$
Mar 20, 2023 at 18:01 vote accept Benjamin Dickman
Mar 15, 2023 at 19:18 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
stated a best case for lcosure of invertible functions
Mar 15, 2023 at 16:18 comment added user44143 @Gro-Tsen, that's a good point, and I revised the answer to reflect it.
Mar 15, 2023 at 16:15 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
revised to distinguish global and elementary comparisons
Mar 15, 2023 at 14:00 comment added user44143 @BenjaminDickman, I can check integrability easily enough; there are general algorithms for that. But I don't have a nice check for invertibility; it would be messy to check on which expressions Mathematica gives up, and (since no one has found an algorithm to determine when elementary expressions are zero) I doubt that a general algorithm has been found.
Mar 15, 2023 at 13:58 comment added Gro-Tsen Maybe you should clarify what you mean by “invertible” each time, because it can be taken to mean ①that an inverse exists — globally — as a function (i.e., we are dealing with a bijection), or ②that an inverse exists — on a certain domain — in a certain form, e.g., as an elementary function; and the two questions are pretty much orthogonal (an elementary bijection may have a non-elementary inverse, but conversely, a non-bijection may have an elementary inverse on each part of its domain). I assumed OP was more concerned about ② but I may be wrong.
Mar 15, 2023 at 13:31 comment added Benjamin Dickman this is great; if a depth $n$ for $n > 2$ search isn't too time consuming (for you and/or for Mathematica) then I'd be quite interested to see what the data look like as one goes deeper
Mar 15, 2023 at 10:01 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
added 94 characters in body
Mar 15, 2023 at 9:43 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
added some empirical data following Gro-Tsen's idea
Mar 14, 2023 at 20:53 history edited user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0
added example with probability distributions
Mar 14, 2023 at 20:04 history answered user44143 CC BY-SA 4.0