No, it cannot happen. In a paper by McGibbon and Neisendorfera paper by McGibbon and Neisendorfer, it is proven that if X is a 1-connected space and its mod-p-homology is non-zero in some degree, but zero in all higher degrees, then the $\pi_n X$ contain a subgroup of order p for infinitely many n. This can be applied to the universal cover of your X.