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Aug 9, 2022 at 22:53 comment added Dieter Kadelka Assume that $X$ and $Y$ have the same distribution, that they are not concentrated on one point and that they are independent (for each distribution its always possible to construct such r.v.s). Then all moments are even equal but never $X \geq Y$ a.s.
Aug 9, 2022 at 20:55 comment added James Martin Let $M>1$. Suppose $Y$ takes value $1$ with probability $1$, and $X$ takes value $M$ with probability $1/M$ and value $0$ with probability $1-1/M$. Then $EY^k = 1 \leq M^{k-1} = EX^k$ for all $k\geq 1$. However, $P(X>Y)=1/M$, which you can make arbitrarily close to $0$ by taking $M$ large. This is a discrete example, but you can easily arrange a small perturbation to get an example where the random variables have continuous distributions, if that's what you need for some reason.
Aug 9, 2022 at 19:44 comment added Christophe Leuridan The question would be less trivial if we ask whether $X \ge_{st} Y$ (stochastic order). But my intuition is that the answer will still be negative, even the distribution of $X$ and $Y$ are determined by their moments.
Aug 9, 2022 at 19:37 comment added En-Jui Kuo oh, ok, thanks. let me think a little bit
Aug 9, 2022 at 19:36 comment added Christian Remling Certainly not, because the moments only depend on the distribution while $X\ge Y$ is about pointwise values. For example $X(\omega_1)=1$, $X(\omega_2)=2$, with $P(\{\omega_j\})=1/2$, and then switch the two values to obtain $Y$.
Aug 9, 2022 at 19:29 history asked En-Jui Kuo CC BY-SA 4.0