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Feb 28, 2022 at 12:45 comment added Fedor Pakhomov @EmilJeřábek Yes, indeed it should have been $1<p\le u+1$, thank you.
Feb 28, 2022 at 10:33 comment added Emil Jeřábek Oh I see; it didn’t occur to me that one can force the universe to be a power of $2$ with finitely many axioms like this. Presumably you want $1<p\le u+1$ rather than $1<p<u+1$, as otherwise the axioms also hold in $\mathbb Z_{2p}$ for odd primes $p$.
Feb 28, 2022 at 8:50 history edited Fedor Pakhomov CC BY-SA 4.0
fixed minor mistake
Feb 28, 2022 at 8:49 comment added Fedor Pakhomov @EmilJeřábek Of course I meant that we should fix $\mathsf{U}_0$ axiomatized by finitely many schemes (I have edited the answer to clarify this). I have in mind the following axiomatization of $\mathsf{U}_0$: 1. < is a linear order, where 0 is the least element and there is the greatest element $m$; 2. $0+1=1$; 3. $m+1=0$; 4. $x<x+1$ and $(x,x+1)=\emptyset$, for $0\le x <m$; 5. $x+0=x$; 6. $x+(y+1)=(x+y)+1$; 7. $x0=0$; 8. $x(y+1)=xy+x$; 9. either $0=m$ or there is $u<m$ s.t. $(u+1)+u=m$ and for any $0<x<u+1$ and $1<p<u+1$ if $xp=u+1$ and $p$ isn't $zw$ for any $1<z,w<p$, then $p=1+1$.
Feb 28, 2022 at 7:39 comment added Emil Jeřábek Why is $U_0$ axiomatizable by finitely many axiom schemata?
Feb 28, 2022 at 7:06 history edited Fedor Pakhomov CC BY-SA 4.0
added some context for the main construction
Feb 28, 2022 at 0:02 comment added Fedor Pakhomov @NoahSchweber Yes, sure.
Feb 27, 2022 at 23:59 history bounty ended Noah Schweber
Feb 27, 2022 at 23:58 history answered Fedor Pakhomov CC BY-SA 4.0