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Jan 3, 2022 at 20:37 comment added Wojowu @MartinVäth Hartogs' and Lindenbaum's theorems are precisely what my argument uses. I have essentially just expanded the arguments for their proofs.
Jan 3, 2022 at 20:33 comment added Martin Väth Thank you. So the argument is essentially the same than proving/using Hartog's theorem (for injections) or the analogous Lindenbaum theorem (for surjections). These are not hard, but I was hoping for an essentially simpler proof.
Jan 3, 2022 at 20:25 comment added Wojowu @MartinVäth For injections: for any $S$, you can form the set $A$ of all isomorphism classes of well-orders on subsets of $S$. By replacement, mapping each element of $A$ to its order type gives the class of ordinals which inject into $S$. For surjections, note that if $S$ surjects onto $\alpha$, then $\alpha$ injects into $P(S)$.
Jan 3, 2022 at 20:21 comment added Martin Väth for any set $S$ the class of ordinals $\alpha$ such that $\alpha$ injects into $S$ (resp. $S$ surjects onto $\alpha$) is a set. Is there a simple argument to see this (especially for the "surjects" part)?
Jan 1, 2022 at 21:03 vote accept Dominic van der Zypen
Jan 1, 2022 at 15:32 history edited Wojowu CC BY-SA 4.0
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Jan 1, 2022 at 15:26 history answered Wojowu CC BY-SA 4.0