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Timeline for Surface in a product domain

Current License: CC BY-SA 4.0

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Jun 11, 2021 at 3:29 vote accept Adterram
Jun 11, 2021 at 3:05 comment added Sam Nead By the way, if I’ve answered your original question, it is polite (and tidy) to accept the answer. :)
Jun 11, 2021 at 2:32 comment added Sam Nead it meets the internal one-cell an odd number of times. We now perform isotopies of $N$ to ensure that all intersections of $N$ with the "vertical" rectangles (two-cells in the interior of $M \times [0, 1]$) are horizontal arcs. Also, we can arrange that intersections of $N$ with the three-cell are disks. We deduce that $N$ meets the internal one-cell exactly once. A final isotopy gives the result. Here is a more algebraic proof: compress $N$ to be incompressible, appeal to Dehn's lemma to deduce that $N$ is essential, and then use the classification of subgroups of surface groups.
Jun 11, 2021 at 2:26 comment added Sam Nead I poked around, and could not find an obvious place to point to on-line. I'll guess that this appears in either Jaco's book or Hempel's - unfortunately I don't have them to hand. The proof is not so difficult, however. Suppose that $M$ has genus $g$. Fix a cell structure on $M$ with one vertex, $2g$ edges, and one $4g$-gon (as the two-cell). Cross this with the closed interval to get a cell structure on $M \times [0, 1]$. Isotope $N$ to be in general position with respect to the one- and two-cells of the cell structure on $M \times [0, 1]$. Since $N$ separates the boundary components,
Jun 11, 2021 at 1:14 comment added Adterram Could you give a reference for this fact?
Jun 10, 2021 at 19:49 comment added Sam Nead Yes. If $N$ separates the boundary components, and is homeomorphic to $M$, then there is an ambient isotopy taking $N$ to $M$.
Jun 10, 2021 at 8:36 comment added Adterram Is the original conclusion true if we assume $N$ is homeomorphic to $M$?
Jun 9, 2021 at 13:55 history edited Sam Nead CC BY-SA 4.0
Removed snark.
Jun 9, 2021 at 12:45 history answered Sam Nead CC BY-SA 4.0