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Dec 15, 2021 at 13:15 comment added Dima Pasechnik @VictorOstrik - $\sqrt{2}=\zeta_8+1/\zeta_8$. In general, see math.stackexchange.com/a/282779/39797
Dec 14, 2021 at 19:17 vote accept Dima Pasechnik
Apr 27, 2021 at 6:10 comment added François Brunault If $X_0$ is a solution then all other solutions are given by $X=X_0 \cdot (t-i)/(t+i)$ with $t \in \mathbb{Q}^{\mathrm{ab}} \cap \mathbb{R}$.
Apr 27, 2021 at 1:13 history became hot network question
Apr 26, 2021 at 22:00 comment added GH from MO You don't need Artin-Schreier theory. If you conjugate $a$ by $\sigma$, all the $b_k$'s get conjugated by $\sigma$, because complex conjugation commutes with $\sigma$. Then use that $z\bar z$ is positive for every nonzero $z\in\mathbb{C}$.
Apr 26, 2021 at 21:51 answer added Will Sawin timeline score: 6
Apr 26, 2021 at 21:19 history edited Dima Pasechnik CC BY-SA 4.0
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Apr 26, 2021 at 20:30 history edited Dima Pasechnik CC BY-SA 4.0
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Apr 26, 2021 at 20:28 comment added Dima Pasechnik yes, indeed, $a$ is totally positive, by a bit of Artin-Schreier theory.
Apr 26, 2021 at 20:26 comment added Dima Pasechnik a square with $i$ in it is not real.
Apr 26, 2021 at 20:18 comment added GH from MO Your $a$ is totally positive, because it is the sum of totally positive elements.
Apr 26, 2021 at 19:33 comment added pavl0 For the sum of squares, if $i$ is in the field, then $a=\left(\dfrac{a+1}{2}\right)^2+\left(i\dfrac{a-1}{2}\right)^2$. I'd check "A Historical View of the Pythagoras Numbers of Fields" by D. Leep
Apr 26, 2021 at 19:02 comment added Dima Pasechnik my $a=\sum_{k=1}^m b_k\overline{b}_k$, $b_k$ cyclotomic. Is $a$ totally positive? (References on the topic would be much appreciated, too)
Apr 26, 2021 at 17:34 comment added Victor Ostrik The number $X\bar X$ is totally positive (any of its Galois conjugates is positive). Thus any $a$ which is positive but not totally positive would be a counterexample, e.g. $a=\sqrt{2}$.
Apr 26, 2021 at 17:12 history asked Dima Pasechnik CC BY-SA 4.0