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Feb 5, 2021 at 11:55 comment added Jakob Möller Got it, thanks for the clarification!
Feb 5, 2021 at 11:53 comment added Carlo Beenakker $\nabla\cdot J=0\Rightarrow \nabla\cdot (\Delta A)=0\Rightarrow \Delta(\nabla\cdot A)=0$ and hence either $\nabla\cdot A=0$ or the vector potential is given by $A=A_0+\nabla\lambda$ with $\nabla\cdot A_0=0$ and $\Delta\nabla\lambda=0$; this remaining gauge freedom to choose $\lambda$ will force $\lambda\equiv 0$ if you add the condition that $\lambda\rightarrow 0$ for $r\rightarrow\infty$.
Feb 5, 2021 at 11:11 comment added Jakob Möller Sorry I'm still confused, that was not my question: How does taking the divergence of the equation $-\Delta A = J$ imply $\nabla \cdot A =0$?
Feb 4, 2021 at 16:32 comment added Carlo Beenakker let's see what freedom is left: $\nabla\cdot A=0$ satisfies current conservation, if you try $A'=A+\nabla \lambda$ then you need $\Delta\nabla\lambda=0$; that leaves some room, but if you wish $\lambda$ to become constant at infinity only $\lambda\equiv 0$ remains.
Feb 4, 2021 at 13:08 comment added Jakob Möller Just to be sure, when taking the divergence you get $\Delta \nabla \cdot A = 0$ because $\nabla \cdot J=0$ but how does that imply $\nabla \cdot A = 0$?
Feb 4, 2021 at 12:51 history undeleted Carlo Beenakker
Feb 4, 2021 at 12:50 history deleted Carlo Beenakker via Vote
Feb 4, 2021 at 12:49 history answered Carlo Beenakker CC BY-SA 4.0