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Sep 30, 2020 at 0:25 comment added Robert Bryant @DenisSerre: A good remark, but, in fact, the two problems are equivalent up to computing an inverse function. If one regards $x$ and $f$ as columns of height $n$, the Jacobian $J$ satisfies $df = J\,dx$, and the stated condition is that $J^T\,J$ be diagonal. If $K = J^{-1}$, then $dx = K\,df$, and we see that $$K^T\,K = (J^{-1})^T\,(J^{-1})=( J\,J^T)^{-1,},$$ hence $K^TK$ is diagonal if and only if $J\,J^T$ is diagonal. Thus, $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfies the column condition if and only if the inverse function $f^{-1}:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfies the row condition.
Sep 29, 2020 at 20:52 vote accept oasis93
Jul 13, 2020 at 12:15 answer added Robert Bryant timeline score: 1
Jul 13, 2020 at 10:37 comment added Denis Serre Just one remark. Your definition does not imply (is not equivalent to) that the rows be orthogonal. Thus there would be a symmetric question concerning those fields whose Jacobian has orthogonal rows.
Jul 13, 2020 at 10:34 history edited Denis Serre CC BY-SA 4.0
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Jul 8, 2020 at 6:48 comment added Mateusz Kwaśnicki Clearly, there are more examples here than in the case of Liouville's theorem: if $g$ is a conformal map and $f_i(x) = h_i(g_i(x))$ for an arbitrary collection of $h_i : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$, then the gradients of $f_i$ are orthogonal.
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Jul 8, 2020 at 5:53
Jul 8, 2020 at 3:41 history asked oasis93 CC BY-SA 4.0