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May 22, 2020 at 6:40 comment added Arno Fehm As Daniel Loughran explained to me by email, the universal torsors of these Châtelet surfaces are in fact of dimension 8, so this example does show that $(3)\not\Rightarrow(5)$, but it does not answer question Q2.
May 12, 2020 at 18:26 vote accept Arno Fehm
May 22, 2020 at 6:40
May 12, 2020 at 11:28 history edited Daniel Loughran CC BY-SA 4.0
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May 12, 2020 at 11:07 comment added Daniel Loughran Hi. Yes you are right - to prove stable rationality one needs some genericity assumptions, e.g. the polynomial $f$ is irreducible with Galois group $S_3$. Anyway, you seem happy with my answer so I will upgrade it and add more details.
May 10, 2020 at 7:34 comment added Arno Fehm @OlivierBenoist: Thanks a lot. So if I understand correctly, the example would indeed answer the question. The only thing that is not clear to me yet is why a universal torsor with a real point necessarily exists. Is that a general fact? (A reference would be appreciated - I have not yet been able to access CT-S' La descente sur les variétés rationneles where apparently they were defined.)
May 9, 2020 at 14:43 comment added Olivier Benoist I think you are both right. The (smooth projective model of) $X$ does not satisfy (4) or (5) because it has non-connected real locus. It satisfies (3) because a universal torsor with a real point is stably rational (by Colliot-Thélène, Sansuc and Swinnerton-Dyer, Intersections of two quadrics and Châtelet surfaces, II, Theorem 8.1).
May 8, 2020 at 20:41 comment added Arno Fehm Thanks, I will have a closer look at that paper. I am a bit confused though: $X(\mathbb{R})$ is a real manifold with two connected components, hence so is $(X\times\mathbb{A}^n)(\mathbb{R})$. Shouldn't this imply that $X\times\mathbb{A}^n$ and $\mathbb{A}^m$ are not birationally equivalent (over $\mathbb{R}$)?
May 8, 2020 at 18:51 history answered Daniel Loughran CC BY-SA 4.0