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Is there a way to define perverse sheaves categorically/geometrically  ? Definitions like the following from lectures by Sophie Morel: enter image description here

The category of perverse sheaves on $X$ is $\mathrm{Perv}(X,F):=D^{\leq 0} \cap D^{\geq 0}$. We write $^p\mathrm{H}^k \colon D_c^b(X,F) \to \mathrm{Perv}(X,F)$ for the cohomology functors given by the $\mathrm{t}$-structure.

are well and good, but to me, it feels like they come with too many "luggages", and therefore make me feel like I don't have as good of an intuition of derived categories as I should.

Is there a way to define perverse sheaves categorically/geometrically  ? Definitions like the following from lectures by Sophie Morel: enter image description here

are well and good, but to me, it feels like they come with too many "luggages", and therefore make me feel like I don't have as good of an intuition of derived categories as I should.

Is there a way to define perverse sheaves categorically/geometrically? Definitions like the following from lectures by Sophie Morel:

The category of perverse sheaves on $X$ is $\mathrm{Perv}(X,F):=D^{\leq 0} \cap D^{\geq 0}$. We write $^p\mathrm{H}^k \colon D_c^b(X,F) \to \mathrm{Perv}(X,F)$ for the cohomology functors given by the $\mathrm{t}$-structure.

are well and good, but to me, it feels like they come with too many "luggages", and therefore make me feel like I don't have as good of an intuition of derived categories as I should.

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Dat Minh Ha
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So what exactly are perverse sheaves anyway?

Is there a way to define perverse sheaves categorically/geometrically ? Definitions like the following from lectures by Sophie Morel: enter image description here

are well and good, but to me, it feels like they come with too many "luggages", and therefore make me feel like I don't have as good of an intuition of derived categories as I should.