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CNS709
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$\require{AMScd}$

This is basic level question, but this kind of questions usually find no answer on stackexchange.

I am trying to introduce my self to categories theory and advanced algebraic topology. I have just learnt about group and cogroup structures. My question is about cogroup structures.

An object with a group structure $(G, \mu: G \times G \to G, u: * \to G, i: G \to G)$ satisfies among the other properties the following

\begin{CD} G \times * @<{id \times *_G}<< G\\ @V{id\times u}VV @VV{id}V \\ G \times G @>{\mu }>> G \end{CD}

Here $*$ is the terminal object and $*_G$ the unique morphism to from $G$ to $*$. This is the law of neutral element.

If I have understood properly, a cogroup object should sastify the reversed diagram, i.e.

$\require{AMScd}$ \begin{CD} G \coprod * @>{id \coprod *_G}>> G\\ @A{id\coprod u}AA @AA{id}A \\ G \coprod G @<{\mu }<< G \end{CD}

Now, choose as category $\mathbf{Top.}$ and $G = (\mathbb{S}^1, 1)$ with operation $\mu: \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ that wrap the circle "half-and-half". The claim is that this is a cogroup structure on $\mathbb{S}^1$, but to me seems not.

The above diagram becomes

\begin{CD} \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * @>{id \vee *}>> \mathbb{S}^1 \\ @A{id\vee u}AA @AA{id}A \\ \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 @<{\mu }<< \mathbb{S}^1 \end{CD}

But $*$ in $\mathbf{Top.}$ is both initial and terminal and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$ and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right half-circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$. Then it could not be the identity as claimed by the other arrow.

Now, I know for sure that I am wrong, but where?

EDIT.

Obviously the answer is: $\mathbb{S}^1$ is not a cogroup object in $\mathbf{Top.}$ but in $\mathbf{HTop.}$.

$\require{AMScd}$

This is basic level question, but this kind of questions usually find no answer on stackexchange.

I am trying to introduce my self to categories theory and advanced algebraic topology. I have just learnt about group and cogroup structures. My question is about cogroup structures.

An object with a group structure $(G, \mu: G \times G \to G, u: * \to G, i: G \to G)$ satisfies among the other properties the following

\begin{CD} G \times * @<{id \times *_G}<< G\\ @V{id\times u}VV @VV{id}V \\ G \times G @>{\mu }>> G \end{CD}

Here $*$ is the terminal object and $*_G$ the unique morphism to from $G$ to $*$. This is the law of neutral element.

If I have understood properly, a cogroup object should sastify the reversed diagram, i.e.

$\require{AMScd}$ \begin{CD} G \coprod * @>{id \coprod *_G}>> G\\ @A{id\coprod u}AA @AA{id}A \\ G \coprod G @<{\mu }<< G \end{CD}

Now, choose as category $\mathbf{Top.}$ and $G = (\mathbb{S}^1, 1)$ with operation $\mu: \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ that wrap the circle "half-and-half". The claim is that this is a cogroup structure on $\mathbb{S}^1$, but to me seems not.

The above diagram becomes

\begin{CD} \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * @>{id \vee *}>> \mathbb{S}^1 \\ @A{id\vee u}AA @AA{id}A \\ \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 @<{\mu }<< \mathbb{S}^1 \end{CD}

But $*$ in $\mathbf{Top.}$ is both initial and terminal and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$ and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right half-circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$. Then it could not be the identity as claimed by the other arrow.

Now, I know for sure that I am wrong, but where?

$\require{AMScd}$

This is basic level question, but this kind of questions usually find no answer on stackexchange.

I am trying to introduce my self to categories theory and advanced algebraic topology. I have just learnt about group and cogroup structures. My question is about cogroup structures.

An object with a group structure $(G, \mu: G \times G \to G, u: * \to G, i: G \to G)$ satisfies among the other properties the following

\begin{CD} G \times * @<{id \times *_G}<< G\\ @V{id\times u}VV @VV{id}V \\ G \times G @>{\mu }>> G \end{CD}

Here $*$ is the terminal object and $*_G$ the unique morphism to from $G$ to $*$. This is the law of neutral element.

If I have understood properly, a cogroup object should sastify the reversed diagram, i.e.

$\require{AMScd}$ \begin{CD} G \coprod * @>{id \coprod *_G}>> G\\ @A{id\coprod u}AA @AA{id}A \\ G \coprod G @<{\mu }<< G \end{CD}

Now, choose as category $\mathbf{Top.}$ and $G = (\mathbb{S}^1, 1)$ with operation $\mu: \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ that wrap the circle "half-and-half". The claim is that this is a cogroup structure on $\mathbb{S}^1$, but to me seems not.

The above diagram becomes

\begin{CD} \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * @>{id \vee *}>> \mathbb{S}^1 \\ @A{id\vee u}AA @AA{id}A \\ \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 @<{\mu }<< \mathbb{S}^1 \end{CD}

But $*$ in $\mathbf{Top.}$ is both initial and terminal and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$ and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right half-circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$. Then it could not be the identity as claimed by the other arrow.

Now, I know for sure that I am wrong, but where?

EDIT.

Obviously the answer is: $\mathbb{S}^1$ is not a cogroup object in $\mathbf{Top.}$ but in $\mathbf{HTop.}$.

Source Link
CNS709
  • 1.3k
  • 8
  • 20

Why is $\mathbb{S}^1$ a cogroup object in $\mathbf{Top.}$?

$\require{AMScd}$

This is basic level question, but this kind of questions usually find no answer on stackexchange.

I am trying to introduce my self to categories theory and advanced algebraic topology. I have just learnt about group and cogroup structures. My question is about cogroup structures.

An object with a group structure $(G, \mu: G \times G \to G, u: * \to G, i: G \to G)$ satisfies among the other properties the following

\begin{CD} G \times * @<{id \times *_G}<< G\\ @V{id\times u}VV @VV{id}V \\ G \times G @>{\mu }>> G \end{CD}

Here $*$ is the terminal object and $*_G$ the unique morphism to from $G$ to $*$. This is the law of neutral element.

If I have understood properly, a cogroup object should sastify the reversed diagram, i.e.

$\require{AMScd}$ \begin{CD} G \coprod * @>{id \coprod *_G}>> G\\ @A{id\coprod u}AA @AA{id}A \\ G \coprod G @<{\mu }<< G \end{CD}

Now, choose as category $\mathbf{Top.}$ and $G = (\mathbb{S}^1, 1)$ with operation $\mu: \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ that wrap the circle "half-and-half". The claim is that this is a cogroup structure on $\mathbb{S}^1$, but to me seems not.

The above diagram becomes

\begin{CD} \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * @>{id \vee *}>> \mathbb{S}^1 \\ @A{id\vee u}AA @AA{id}A \\ \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 @<{\mu }<< \mathbb{S}^1 \end{CD}

But $*$ in $\mathbf{Top.}$ is both initial and terminal and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$ and so $\mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1 \vee * \to \mathbb{S}^1$ would collpse the "right half-circle" of $\mathbb{S}^1$ to the basepoint of $\mathbb{S}^1$. Then it could not be the identity as claimed by the other arrow.

Now, I know for sure that I am wrong, but where?