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Mar 10, 2019 at 14:11 comment added Mike Shulman Well of course you would have to put conditions on $X$ too.
Mar 10, 2019 at 11:45 comment added Valery Isaev @MikeShulman I mean a sufficient condition on $F$ cannot be of the form "$F$ preserves something", or "$F$ is a polynomial functor", or anything like that since the identity functor satisfies these conditions. Of course, we can consider conditions such as "$F$ does not preserve the initial object", but it seems less natural to me.
Mar 10, 2019 at 4:35 comment added Mike Shulman However I'm not sure what you mean by "It is hard to imagine some nice sufficient properties of $F$ which are not true for the identity functor." There are plenty of endofunctors for which we want to consider initial algebras that don't preserve the initial object; indeed as you note, if $F0=0$ then $A=0$, so any functor with an interesting initial algebra must not preserve the initial object. For instance, $F(X) = X+1$, whose initial algebra is the natural numbers.
Mar 10, 2019 at 4:33 comment added Mike Shulman I think in place of local finite presentability, it also suffices to assume $C$ is a Grothendieck topos, or more generally an exhaustive category (ncatlab.org/nlab/show/exhaustive+category), since then $F^\alpha(0)\to X$ is a union of a chain of subobjects of $X$ and hence also a subobject.
Mar 8, 2019 at 23:15 history answered Valery Isaev CC BY-SA 4.0