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Catherine Ray
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Let $S$ be affine. A bit of background: Let us think of $S$-group schemes as abelian sheaves over a given site (etale, Zariski, fppf, etc). When we take a cokernel of a morphism $\phi$ this category: $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ it will often be a presheaf, and we must sheafify it wrt the given site in order to obtain a sheaf.

Is there an example of a cokernel where (a) we must work over the fppf site for the sheafification of the cokernel to still give an exact sequence (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves when we sheafify over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Edit: Jason Starr answered this in the comments.

Let $S$ be affine. A bit of background: Let us think of $S$-group schemes as abelian sheaves over a given site (etale, Zariski, fppf, etc). When we take a cokernel of a morphism $\phi$ this category: $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ it will often be a presheaf, and we must sheafify it wrt the given site in order to obtain a sheaf.

Is there an example of a cokernel where (a) we must work over the fppf site for the sheafification of the cokernel to still give an exact sequence (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves when we sheafify over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Let $S$ be affine. A bit of background: Let us think of $S$-group schemes as abelian sheaves over a given site (etale, Zariski, fppf, etc). When we take a cokernel of a morphism $\phi$ this category: $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ it will often be a presheaf, and we must sheafify it wrt the given site in order to obtain a sheaf.

Is there an example of a cokernel where (a) we must work over the fppf site for the sheafification of the cokernel to still give an exact sequence (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves when we sheafify over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Edit: Jason Starr answered this in the comments.

added 218 characters in body
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Catherine Ray
  • 3.5k
  • 12
  • 37

Let $S$ be affine. Is there an exampleA bit of a cokernel inbackground: Let us think of $S$-group schemes as abelian sheaves over a given site (etale, Zariski, fppf, etc). When we take a cokernel of a morphism $\phi$ this category: $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ whichit will often be a presheaf, and we must sheafify it wrt the given site in order to obtain a sheaf.

Is there an example of a cokernel where (a) require the group schemes to be thought of as sheaves inwe must work over the fppf topology $(\text{Aff}_S)^{op}_{fppf} \to \text{Grp}$site for the sequencesheafification of the cokernel to bestill give an exact sequence (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves when we sheafify over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Let $S$ be affine. Is there an example of a cokernel in $S$-group schemes, $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ which (a) require the group schemes to be thought of as sheaves in the fppf topology $(\text{Aff}_S)^{op}_{fppf} \to \text{Grp}$ for the sequence to be exact (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Let $S$ be affine. A bit of background: Let us think of $S$-group schemes as abelian sheaves over a given site (etale, Zariski, fppf, etc). When we take a cokernel of a morphism $\phi$ this category: $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ it will often be a presheaf, and we must sheafify it wrt the given site in order to obtain a sheaf.

Is there an example of a cokernel where (a) we must work over the fppf site for the sheafification of the cokernel to still give an exact sequence (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves when we sheafify over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

added 206 characters in body; edited body
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Catherine Ray
  • 3.5k
  • 12
  • 37

Let $S$ be affine. Is there an example of a cokernel in $S$-group schemes, $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \to B/\phi(A)$$$$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ which (a) needsrequire the group schemes to be thought of as sheaves in the fppf topology $(\text{Aff}_S)^{op}_{fppf} \to \text{Grp}$ for the sequence to be a sheaf,exact (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$$\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Let $S$ be affine. Is there an example of a cokernel in $S$-group schemes, $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \to B/\phi(A)$$ which (a) needs to be fppf to be a sheaf, and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

Let $S$ be affine. Is there an example of a cokernel in $S$-group schemes, $$A \xrightarrow{\phi} B \xrightarrow{\beta} B/\phi(A)$$ which (a) require the group schemes to be thought of as sheaves in the fppf topology $(\text{Aff}_S)^{op}_{fppf} \to \text{Grp}$ for the sequence to be exact (and the sequence is not exact as sheaves over the etale or zariski site) and (b) doesn't have $\mu_d$ as the kernel.

The only examples satisfying (a) that I, and those around me, can come up with are the following:

  1. $\mu_{d} \to \mu_{n} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mu_{n/d}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  2. $\mu_{d} \to \mathbb{G}_{m} \xrightarrow{z \mapsto z^d} \mathbb{G}_{m}$; if $d \notin \mathcal{O}_S^*$
  3. $\mu_{d}(k) \to SL_d(k) \to PGL_d(k)$; if char $k \mid d$

But these feel essentially the same. Are there any different examples?

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Catherine Ray
  • 3.5k
  • 12
  • 37
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