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Sep 21, 2018 at 16:48 comment added Ian Agol Yes, there’s a lot more that goes into it than just exponential mixing. I guess though that this remains an essential part in this sort of surface subgroup theorem.
Sep 21, 2018 at 15:40 comment added HJRW @Kim, Ian is being modest. Using tools developed by Wise and others, Ian used the work of Kahn—Markovic to deduce that hyperbolic 3-manifold groups are virtually special, which in turn resolved many famous open problems. Sample applications: virtual Haken, virtual fibring, LERF, largeness... All of these can be phrased as group-theoretic properties of $\Gamma$.
Sep 21, 2018 at 15:06 history made wiki Post Made Community Wiki by S. Carnahan
Sep 21, 2018 at 14:02 comment added Ian Agol @Kim : this has been generalized by many people to other lattices. Gromov conjectured hyperbolic groups have a surface subgroup. For other consequences, see my survey for the ICM proceedings (you can find it on my homepage).
Sep 21, 2018 at 5:41 comment added Kim Could you elaborate? What kind of interesting things do we learn about $\Gamma$ when we know it contains a surface subgroup?
Sep 21, 2018 at 4:59 history answered Ian Agol CC BY-SA 4.0