Generally $k$-connectivity is computed using max-flow min-cut algorithms. I cannot quote you complexities off the top of my head, but you should be able to find the number of edges that disconnect any pair of nodes $(x,y)$, and then iterate over all $O(n^2)$ pairs. A key result here that underpins these algorithms is Menger's TheoremMenger's Theorem.
The Amplitwist
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