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Mar 13, 2018 at 14:20 comment added Kimball Of course it's hard to measure a conceptual difference, so I meant to ask when people started using the word "group" (regularly) to describe the rational points on an elliptic curve. However, the question you answer is also interesting, and a valid interpretation of the titular question, so I'm happy to see this answer as well.
Mar 13, 2018 at 14:17 comment added Kimball Sorry for the lack of clarity---I was indeed aware my title might be misleading, but I thought it sounded better than something like "when did people start regularly referring to the $F$-points of an elliptic curve as a group"? I agree that there is not too much difference in practice whether one calls something a group or not, but I think there is a conceptual difference between thinking of $F$-points as solutions that can be geometrically constructed from some "fundamental solutions" versus an instance of this algebraic framework of groups.
Mar 13, 2018 at 6:09 comment added ThiKu It seems the title of your question „When did people start thinking of elliptic curves as groups“ asks a different question then it is asked in the question‘s body. The only difference I would see between looking at finitely many group generators and looking at a finitely generated group would be that in the second case one can use functoriality, i.e., homomorphisms between different elliptic curves. Is this what you are aiming at?
Mar 13, 2018 at 5:51 comment added ThiKu Though indeed Poincaré does not use the word „groupe“ but calls the generators „un système des points rationelles fundamentaux“.
Mar 13, 2018 at 5:46 comment added ThiKu This paper explicitly asks the question: what are the possible values for the rank of the group of rational points?
Mar 13, 2018 at 0:58 comment added Kimball Are you saying this is the first time an elliptic curve was considered a group or that it became common soon after Poincare's paper? The reason for my question is that I found it strange that even in the 1950's some papers were not explicitly saying things like "the group of rational points."
Mar 12, 2018 at 20:39 history answered ThiKu CC BY-SA 3.0