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Feb 4, 2018 at 19:11 comment added thedude That sequence does not refer to permutations, but sequence oeis.org/A000698, which is twice that, is said to be "the number of indecomposable perfect matchings on [2n]", which seems related
Feb 3, 2018 at 21:46 comment added YCor I have no claim about the refinement! Thanks for the computation; then $p_n/(2^n(n-1)!)$ is very likely to be given by oeis.org/A004208 (I have checked in addition that the 6th term $p_6/7680=55205$ matches). Interestingly, the Sloane definition does not refer to permutations.
Feb 3, 2018 at 18:58 comment added thedude Your solution predicts $p_5/768=4081$ and it looks perfectly correct to me. Sadly, I don't see how to refine it to account for coset type.
Feb 3, 2018 at 18:43 comment added YCor PS the first few terms of $p_n/(2^n(n-1)!)$, $n\ge 1$, according to the OP's post (just summing the rows of the second triangle) are 1, 5, 37, 353. Or equivalently $((2n)!-p_n)//(2^n(n-1)!)$ is given by 0, 1, 8, 67. I found both sequences in Sloane with 2 solutions and extrapolation to $n=5$ gives 4 possible candidates for $p_5/2^54!=p_5/768$: 4081, 4123, 4165, 4315. If anyone has something to run an easy program and compute the genuine value of $p_5/768$, it would be useful!
Feb 3, 2018 at 17:30 history answered YCor CC BY-SA 3.0