The[EDITED] The classic example is A000396: "Perfect numbers n: n is equal to the sum of the proper divisors of n" and A152953: "a(n) = A136007 A000668(n)*(A136007A000668(n)+1)/2 where A000668 are the Mersenne primes."
They are the same if and only if there are no odd perfect numbers.
See also sequences which agree for a long time.