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Invariance: Would such a von Neumann algebra be invariant replacing $K$ by any positive compact operator $L$ with all eigenvalues distinct and $L^{1+\epsilon}$ trace-class $\forall \epsilon >0$?

Let $H$ be a separable Hilbert space and let $M$ be a densely defined operator $D(M) \subset H \to H$. It is closable iff its adjoint $M^{\star}$ is densely defined, and then its closure $\overline{M}$ is $M^{\star \star}$. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the smallest von Neumann algebra that $\overline{M}$ is affiliated with; it is called the von Neumann algebra generated by $M$.

Let first suppose that the operator $M$ is associated to an integer map, i.e. $H = \ell^2(\mathbb{N}^*)$ and there is a map $m: \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$ such that $Me_n = e_{m(n)}$, with $D(M) = c_{00}(\mathbb{N}^*)$, dense in $H$.

A naive attempt of generalization: let $H$ be a separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space and let $M$ be any densely defined operator. Let $\mathcal{B}$ be a countable basis and $b: \mathcal{B} \to \mathbb{N}^*$ a bijection. Take $e_n:= b^{-1}(n)$ and let $K$ be the compact operator defined by $Ke_n = \frac{1}{n}e_n$. Let $H_{\infty}$ be the subspace of vector $v \in H$ such that $M^{-1}(\{Mv\})$ is infinite, and let $P$ be the orthogonal projection on $H_{\infty}$. Consider the following operator $$\tilde{M}:=MKP + M(I-P).$$ Is $\tilde{M}$ well-defined? densely-defined? closable? Is the von Neumann algebra generated by $\tilde{M}$ independent of the choice of $\mathcal{B}$ and $b$? If so (...!), this construction would answer Question 2.

Let $H$ be a separable Hilbert space and let $M$ be a densely defined operator $\mathcal{D}(M) \subset H \to H$. It is closable iff its adjoint $M^{\star}$ is densely defined, and then its closure $\overline{M}$ is $M^{\star \star}$. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the smallest von Neumann algebra that $\overline{M}$ is affiliated with; it is called the von Neumann algebra generated by $M$.

Let first suppose that the operator $M$ is associated to an integer map, i.e. $H = \ell^2(\mathbb{N}^*)$ and there is a map $m: \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$ such that $Me_n = e_{m(n)}$, with $\mathcal{D}(M) = c_{00}(\mathbb{N}^*)$, dense in $H$.

A naive attempt of generalization: let $H$ be a separable infinite dimensional Hilbert space and let $M$ be any densely defined operator, with maximal domain $\mathcal{D}$. Let $\mathcal{B}$ be a countable basis and $b: \mathcal{B} \to \mathbb{N}^*$ a bijection. Take $e_n:= b^{-1}(n)$ and let $K$ be the compact operator defined by $Ke_n = \frac{1}{n}e_n$. Let $H_{\infty}$ be the closure of the subspace of vectors $v \in \mathcal{D}$ such that there is a countable orthonormal basis $\mathcal{B}_v$ of $\overline{M^{-1}(\mathbb{C}Mv)}$ with $\mathcal{B}_v \subset \mathcal{D}$ and $$\sum_{b \in \mathcal{B}_v} |\langle Mb,Mv \rangle|^2 = \infty.$$ Let $P$ be the orthogonal projection on $H_{\infty}$. Consider the following operator $$\tilde{M}:=MKP + M(I-P).$$ Is $\tilde{M}$ well-defined? densely-defined? closable? Is the von Neumann algebra generated by $\tilde{M}$ independent of the choice of $\mathcal{B}$ and $b$? If so (...!), this construction would answer Question 2.

Let first suppose that the operator $M$ is associated to an integer map, i.e. $H = \ell^2(\mathbb{N}^*)$ and there is a map $m: \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$ such that $Me_n = e_{m(n)}$ (take $D(M) = \mathbb{C}[\mathbb{N}]$, dense in $H$).

Hard example: consider Conway's game of life and let $\mathcal{S}$ be the set of states of the grid with only finitely many alive cells. It is countable infinite, so there is a bijection $b: \mathcal{S} \to \mathbb{N}^*$. The application of the rules produces a map $r:\mathcal{S} \to \mathcal{S}$. Let $m$ be the integer map $b \circ r \circ b^{-1} : \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$. We can then define $\tilde{M}$ as above. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the von Neumann algebra generated by $\tilde{M}$. Assuming that the above invariance is true, $\mathcal{M}$ is independant of the choice of $b$. Thus $\mathcal{M}$ can be called the von Neumann algebra generated by Conway's game of life. Bonus question: What is $\mathcal{M}$?
We can do the same with any other cellular automaton.

Let first suppose that the operator $M$ is associated to an integer map, i.e. $H = \ell^2(\mathbb{N}^*)$ and there is a map $m: \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$ such that $Me_n = e_{m(n)}$, with $D(M) = c_{00}(\mathbb{N}^*)$, dense in $H$.

Hard example: consider Conway's game of life and let $\mathcal{S}$ be the set of states of the grid with only finitely many alive cells. It is countable infinite, so there is a bijection $b: \mathcal{S} \to \mathbb{N}^*$. Conway's rule (B3/S23) produces a map $r:\mathcal{S} \to \mathcal{S}$. Let $m$ be the integer map $b \circ r \circ b^{-1} : \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^*$. We can then define $\tilde{M}$ as above. Let $\mathcal{M}$ be the von Neumann algebra generated by $\tilde{M}$. Assuming that the above invariance is true, $\mathcal{M}$ is independant of the choice of $b$. Thus $\mathcal{M}$ can be called the von Neumann algebra generated by Conway's game of life. Bonus question: What is $\mathcal{M}$?
We can do the same with any other cellular automaton.