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Jun 22, 2010 at 2:33 comment added Victor Protsak Almost any book discussing algorithms in number theory, e.g. Bach-de Shalit or H.Cohen "Course", which also gives Cornacchia's algorithm for solving $a^2+db^2=p$ that starts with finding $\sqrt{-d}\ \mod p.$
Jun 21, 2010 at 21:41 comment added David Carchedi Cool, do you have the reference? I'm just curious. I can't contribute any of what I posted to anyone because I cooked it up myself, but I was pretty sure it was not original.
Jun 21, 2010 at 21:10 comment added Victor Protsak The algorithm for square roots $\mod p$ is due to Tonelli (1891). When $p\equiv 5(\mod 8)$, there is still a natural choice of a quadratic non-residue, namely, $y=2.$
Jun 21, 2010 at 17:09 history edited David Carchedi CC BY-SA 2.5
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Jun 21, 2010 at 16:59 history edited David Carchedi CC BY-SA 2.5
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Jun 21, 2010 at 15:34 history answered David Carchedi CC BY-SA 2.5