The following seems very relevant to the OP from a historical point of view: a pre-Tohoku roadmap to algebraic topology, presenting itself as a "How to" for "most people", written by someone who thought deeply about classical mathematics as a whole. The source is
Ernst Snapper: Equivalence relations in algebraic geometryEquivalence relations in algebraic geometry. Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, Volume 60, Number 1 (1954), 1-19.
However, I feel it is necessary to precede the reproduction I give below of this 'roadmap' with a modern, cautionary remark, taken literally from http://math.stanford.edu/~conrad/:
That said:
A 'roadmap' from the 1950s.
It is interesting, and indicative of how much knowledge is required in algebraic geometry, that Snapper recommends Weil's 'Foundations' at the end of this "How to get started"-section.