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Jun 8, 2017 at 19:45 comment added Seva Maybe, you can adapt your code to deal with matrices satisfying the stronger requirement that for any $i,j,k\in[1,n]$, we have $a_{ij}a_{jk}a_{ki}\ne 0$ if and only if $i=j=k$? Say, do there exist such matrices of order $6$ and rank $3$?
Jun 2, 2017 at 19:21 comment added Yoav Kallus Here is a nice-looking permutation. It's easy to generalize the top 9x9 block to a 3nx3n matrix of rank n+1 with the desired property. It's not immediately obvious to me how the last row and column work. $\begin{array}{cccccccccc}1&0&0&1&0&1&1&0&0&1\\ 0&1&1&0&1&0&-1&0&0&0\\ 1&0&1&0&0&1&0&1&0&0\\ 0&1&0&1&1&0&0&-1&0&1\\ 1&0&1&0&1&0&0&0&1&1\\ 0&1&0&1&0&1&0&0&-1&0\\ 0&0&-1&1&-1&1&1&0&-1&0\\ 1&-1&0&0&-1&1&1&1&0&0\\ 1&-1&1&-1&0&0&0&1&1&0\\ 0&-1&-1&0&0&-1&1&-1&1&1\end{array}$
Jun 2, 2017 at 4:13 history edited Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0
removed first example
Jun 2, 2017 at 4:11 comment added Markus Sprecher There do exist, for example $(i,j)=(7,1)$ and $(i,j)=(6,2)$
Jun 1, 2017 at 20:19 comment added Seva BTW, in this your example, again, there do not exist $i,j$ with $a_{ij}=a_{ji}=0$.
Jun 1, 2017 at 19:39 comment added Markus Sprecher I agree with you and tried to simplify the matrix as much as possible. (However without permutations.)
Jun 1, 2017 at 19:37 history edited Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0
simplified the -1,0,1 solution
Jun 1, 2017 at 5:53 comment added Seva It is interesting to see a $\{0,\pm1\}$-solution. This makes me wonder whether there always exists a smallest-possible-rank matrix with all entries in $\{0,\pm1\}$. Another remark is that there are lots of matrices which can be obtained from your matrix by switching the signs of some rows / columns and permuting them (in a coordinated way). It would be extremely interesting to find some "nice" matrix among them, in the hope to grasp and generalize the idea.
May 31, 2017 at 21:25 history edited Suvrit CC BY-SA 3.0
put the matlab code in a pre block
May 31, 2017 at 21:15 history edited Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0
added -1,0,1 solution+code
May 19, 2017 at 6:02 comment added Markus Sprecher I parametrized the matrix as $U*V'$ with $U,V\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times r}$ and solved the corresponding system of nonlinear equations. When I had a numerical solution I tried to find integer solutions with the same 0-1 patterns. For this I filled $r$ columns randomly with integers $(-3,..,3)$ and tested if it can be completed to a solution. After a lot of repetions the example above appeared.
May 19, 2017 at 5:55 history edited Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0
canceled some factors to make the example more appealing
May 19, 2017 at 5:37 comment added Seva Interesting! This suggests that the lower bound ${\rm rk}\,A\ge\sqrt n$ may be sharp. How did you find this example? I assume you have not checked all matrices with the entries not exceeding 10, say? Are there examples of order $10$ and rank $4$ with all elements in $\{-1,0,1\}$? A very interesting observation is that in your example, as well as in all examples that I found, there is no pair of indices $i,j$ with $a_{ij}=a_{ji}=0$. One last remark is that your example can be slightly simplified by factoring out the common factors from some rows.
May 19, 2017 at 5:33 history edited Seva CC BY-SA 3.0
added 6 characters in body
May 18, 2017 at 21:50 history edited Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0
deleted 1652 characters in body
May 18, 2017 at 21:45 history answered Markus Sprecher CC BY-SA 3.0