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Mar 21, 2017 at 15:54 comment added Alice J. @ThomasKalinowski Thank you for the help, I'll explore the equivalent formulations. The last necessary condition is still not enough unfortunately.
Mar 20, 2017 at 21:32 comment added Thomas Kalinowski The graph formulation gives the necessary condition $pq(q-1)\geqslant r(r-1)$ (I did not check if that's implied by Fedor's conditions).
Mar 20, 2017 at 21:23 comment added Thomas Kalinowski Interpreting the matrix as the adjacency matrix of a graph gives the following: Given $p$, $q$ and $r$, does there exist a bipartite graph $G=(A\cup B,E)$ with parts of size $|A|=r$ and $|B|=p$ such that (1) every vertex in $A$ has degree $pq/r$, (2) every vertex in $B$ has degree $q$, and (3) the distance between any two vertices in $A$ is 2.
Mar 20, 2017 at 21:19 comment added Thomas Kalinowski Here is an equivalent formulation: You are looking for $(0,1)$-matrices of size $r\times p$ such that (1) every row has sum $pq/r$, (2) every column has sum $q$, and (3) no two columns are orthogonal. mathoverflow.net/q/36642/12674 might be relevant.
Mar 20, 2017 at 15:23 comment added Alice J. @GerhardPaseman Thanks a lot, I will look it up !
Mar 20, 2017 at 15:08 comment added Gerhard Paseman Also, since every two blocks have an element in common, you might be considering a combinatorial projective plane. The Handbook of Combinatorial Designs should help. Gerhard "Handing It Over To Handbooks" Paseman, 2017.03.20.
Mar 20, 2017 at 15:03 comment added Gerhard Paseman Look up balanced incomplete block designs. That or a minor variation should apply, and you will see some necessary conditions on the parameters. Gerhard "Block Designs Clear The Way" Paseman, 2017.03.20.
Mar 20, 2017 at 15:02 comment added Alice J. @FedorPetrov Thank you. I actually saw this one, unfortunately it is not enough in my case. I feel like we are considering that each of the intersecting pairs provided by the elements are independent while they are linked by the fact that each set has $q$ elements.
Mar 20, 2017 at 14:29 comment added Fedor Petrov There is an element belonging to at least $p(p-1)/2r$ pairs of sets, thus necessary condition is that $pq(pq-r)/2r^2\ge p(p-1)/2r$, $q(pq-r)\ge r(p-1)$, $r\le pq^2/(p+q-1)$.
Mar 20, 2017 at 14:14 history asked Alice J. CC BY-SA 3.0