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Jan 6, 2017 at 13:05 vote accept T. Amdeberhan
Dec 18, 2016 at 3:33 comment added T. Amdeberhan @TimothyChow: Now that you mentioned $M(n)$, let me point out that I learned this from Stanley: the poset $M(n)$, in addition to its usual definition, is also the "greedy (weak) Bruhat order" on $\mathfrak{S}_n$. This is Exercise 187(b) in Chapter 3 of Enumerative Combinatorics, Volume 1, second edition.
Dec 17, 2016 at 17:47 comment added Timothy Chow Proctor (Amer. Math. Monthly 89 (1982), 721-734) did give a more elementary proof of unimodality but his argument was "secretly" motivated by the Lie-algebraic proof. He phrased his result in terms of the rank-unimodality of a certain poset $M(n)$ whose rank generating function is $\prod_{j=1}^n (1+q^j)$.
Dec 17, 2016 at 17:13 comment added Timothy Chow In Richard's expository paper on log-concave and unimodal sequences (Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1989), he mentions that by considering the principal $\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ inside $\mathfrak{so}(2n+1)$ we can prove the unimodality of the coefficients of $\prod_{j=1}^n (1+q^j)$. See Equation (23). It seems to be very difficult to prove this unimodality result otherwise.
Dec 17, 2016 at 7:05 comment added T. Amdeberhan It is the orthogonal Lie algebra in $2n+1$ dimensions.
Dec 17, 2016 at 6:11 comment added Włodzimierz Holsztyński What is this parasite on the left of the formula $\mathfrak{so}(2n+1)$ ?
Dec 17, 2016 at 2:59 history edited T. Amdeberhan CC BY-SA 3.0
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Dec 17, 2016 at 2:08 comment added T. Amdeberhan Cool, up-voted.
Dec 17, 2016 at 1:05 history answered Richard Stanley CC BY-SA 3.0