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Oct 16, 2016 at 13:50 comment added Julian Rosen If $x^2 + ax + b$ is a quadratic polynomial without a root in $K$, we can take $D$ to be spanned by $(1,0,-a,1)$ and $(0,1,-b,0)$. The corresponding determinant is $\delta(e,f)=e^2+aef+bf^2$. So your argument does indeed apply to any field that isn't quadratically closed.
Oct 16, 2016 at 13:40 comment added YCor @HeinrichD it's a little play with the action of $GL_4(K)$ on unordered triples of distinct 2-planes in $K^4$. One checks by hand that this action has very few orbits and in each case we explicitly see that it's not a complement repository.
Oct 16, 2016 at 12:37 comment added HeinrichD How does one prove $d_K(4,2) \geq 4$?
Oct 16, 2016 at 4:03 history edited YCor CC BY-SA 3.0
fixed typo added by mistake by another contributor + incorporated Sam's objection
Oct 16, 2016 at 2:52 comment added darij grinberg That's a beautiful argument!
Oct 16, 2016 at 2:50 history edited darij grinberg CC BY-SA 3.0
various corrections
Oct 16, 2016 at 2:37 comment added YCor @SamHopkins Right; $d_K(4,2)\ge 4$ is an elementary exercise for an arbitrary field $K$ anyway.
Oct 16, 2016 at 2:20 comment added Sam Hopkins This just shows $d_{\mathbb{R}}(4,2) \leq 4$, right?
Oct 16, 2016 at 1:48 history answered YCor CC BY-SA 3.0