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Oct 15, 2016 at 18:13 comment added Nate Eldredge @MatthewQuartz: Note that this is a research level site, so you should expect answers to assume a research level knowledge of a field. If that's not what you want, then math.stackexchange.com might be a better site for your question.
Oct 15, 2016 at 17:30 comment added Benjamin Steinberg I do these kinds of things by generating functions. Maybe somebody else can give the recursion explicitly.
Oct 15, 2016 at 16:49 comment added Matthew Quartz Could you please provide some explanation which would require only basic understanding of combinatorics?
Oct 15, 2016 at 15:02 comment added Matthew Quartz Thank you for your answer, but I really don't understand it, because it is so complex to me, because I don't know much about generating functions. I don't need explicit formula, some kind of recursion would suffice.
Oct 15, 2016 at 15:00 vote accept Matthew Quartz
Oct 15, 2016 at 16:14
Oct 15, 2016 at 14:48 history edited Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0
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Oct 15, 2016 at 14:38 history edited Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0
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Oct 15, 2016 at 14:25 comment added Benjamin Steinberg Keeping my notation, draw a digraph with $k+1$ nodes with a $m-1$-loops at each node except the last, which has $m$ loops, and an arc from node $i$ to node $i+1$. The edge from $i$ to $i+1$ is labelled by letter $i$ of $w$. The loops are labelled by the remaining letters. Then I claim that words containing $w$ as a subsequence are in bijection with labels of directed paths from node $1$ to node $k+1$ which is bijection with directed paths from node $1$ to node $k+1$. One counts these using the transfer method in Stanley's book.
Oct 15, 2016 at 14:19 history edited Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0
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Oct 15, 2016 at 14:19 comment added Benjamin Steinberg You can set up a linear system of difference equations
Oct 15, 2016 at 14:14 history edited Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0
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Oct 15, 2016 at 14:13 comment added Matthew Quartz Is there any other way not requiring knowledge about automatons? I know nothing about it.
Oct 15, 2016 at 14:09 history answered Benjamin Steinberg CC BY-SA 3.0