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Sep 20, 2017 at 10:00 vote accept Ali Taghavi
Aug 9, 2016 at 12:01 comment added David E Speyer Your space $S$ is a subalgebra: The Poisson algebra $C^{\infty}(M)$ (for $M$ symplectic, compact, connected) always splits as the direct sum $\mathbb{R} \oplus S$. But I can't think of a map $\mathrm{Vect}(M) \to C^{\infty}(M)$ which doesn't land in $S$. (If $M$ is Riemmannian, then we have $\mathrm{Vect}(M) \cong \Omega^1(M) \overset{d^{\ast}}{\longrightarrow} C^{\infty}(M)$, but, at least if the Riemannian structure gives the same volume form as the symplectic one, the image of $d^{\ast}$ lands in $S$. And I have no idea if this is a map of Lie algebras anyway.)
Aug 7, 2016 at 16:59 comment added mme On a side note, if one solves the first two problems, you've actually proved not only that the minimum codimension of a subalgebra is $n$, but also that all codimension $n$ subalgebras are these $L_p$. Hurtado shows that when $m=n$, the homomorphism is of the form "Lift a diffeomorphism of $M$ to a diffeomorphism of $N$ through a covering map $p: N \to M$." By your construction, the homomorphism sends $L$ to one of the $L_p$ in $\text{Diff}(N)$ (specifically, to $L_{[G]}$.)
Aug 7, 2016 at 14:57 comment added Ali Taghavi 1)Is the space $S$ of all $f$ with $\int_{M} fd\Omega =0$ a Lie algebra (with poisson structure on $C^{\infty}(M)$? \new line 2) Is there a non zero Lie algebra morphism from $\chi^{\infty}(M) $ to $C^{\infty}(M)$? Is there a Lie algebra Morphism whose image is not contained in the above $S$. If the answers to the above questions would be positive then we have a codimension one Lie subalgebra of $\chi^{\infty}(M)$.
Aug 7, 2016 at 14:56 comment added Ali Taghavi @DavidSpeyer What about the following alternative opposit approach for compact symplectic manifold $(M, \omega)$ with volum form $\Omega=\omega^{n}$:
Aug 7, 2016 at 14:14 comment added David E Speyer @MikeMiller Agreed. I was actually thinking of coming back today to remark on this. There are a few ways we could try to get around this: (1) restrict to cases where $\pi_1(\mathrm{Diff}(M))$ is trivial (2) replace $\exp(L)$ by its closure (but then we have to argue that its closure isn't the whole group) (3) See if Hurtado's proof adapts to the universal cover of $\mathrm{Diff}(M)$.
Aug 7, 2016 at 12:16 comment added mme The second step seems fishy, even in finite dimensions; if we integrate an irrational line in $\Bbb R^2$ to a subgroup in the torus, it needn't be closed, so we don't get a manifold structure on the quotient.
Aug 6, 2016 at 19:17 history edited David E Speyer CC BY-SA 3.0
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Aug 6, 2016 at 19:09 history edited David E Speyer CC BY-SA 3.0
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Aug 6, 2016 at 18:43 comment added Ali Taghavi Thank you very much for your elegant strategy. May be the extra assumption "L is an ideal " makes some facilities?
Aug 6, 2016 at 18:07 history answered David E Speyer CC BY-SA 3.0