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May 7, 2010 at 15:05 comment added Wadim Zudilin There is nothing to do with Roth's theorem! The number $[0,1,2,\dots]$ has irrationality exponent 2 (as algebraics) and even the exact quality of its approximation by rationals is known (see B.\,G.~Tasoev's paper [Math. Notes 67 (2000), 786--791]). There are no such results for algebraic irrationalities of degree $>2$.
May 7, 2010 at 14:30 history edited Sidney Raffer CC BY-SA 2.5
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May 7, 2010 at 13:54 comment added Wadim Zudilin A classical (Lambert-Euler) continued fraction is $(e-1)/(e+1)=[0;2,6,10,14,\dots]$ (Lang's or Cassels's books on Diophantine approximations). In a similar way one can show that $[1,2,3,\dots]$ is of the form $I_0(2)/I_0(1)$ (or something like this) for Bessel's functions. The algebraic independence of the numerator and denominator in this quotient was shown by C. Siegel already in 1929.
May 7, 2010 at 12:12 comment added Sidney Raffer Oh!! Do you have a reference? Are you sure you're not thinking of Champernowne's constant .1234.... ?
May 7, 2010 at 11:46 comment added Wadim Zudilin But $[0,1,2,3,\dots]$ is known to be a transcendental number!
May 7, 2010 at 10:24 history edited Sidney Raffer CC BY-SA 2.5
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May 7, 2010 at 9:31 history answered Sidney Raffer CC BY-SA 2.5