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Dec 11, 2015 at 0:22 vote accept Gheehyun Nahm
Dec 10, 2015 at 17:13 comment added Qiaochu Yuan @Wojowu: that's a geometric series; you can sum it.
Dec 10, 2015 at 14:47 comment added David E Speyer Regarding $a r^n + b$ -- Let $p=ar+b$, by hypothesis it is prime. Then $a r^p+b \equiv ar+b \equiv 0 \bmod p$. So $a r^p+b$ is not prime.
Dec 10, 2015 at 13:49 comment added Wojowu @QiaochuYuan Repeatedly applying linear function will give you not $a+n=ar^n+b$, but rather $a_n=a^na_0+a^{n-1}b+...+ab+b$.
Dec 10, 2015 at 7:52 comment added Qiaochu Yuan @Yaakov: even then I think it's hard. In that case $a_n = a r^n + b$ for integers $a, r, b$ and I'm not sure how to rule out the possibility that some such sequence has all prime values. For example, you might try finding some large prime $p$ with respect to which $r$ is a primitive root, and thereby hope to find a term divisible by $p$, but I don't know how to guarantee that such a $p$ exists (and as far as I know this sort of thing is also wide open).
Dec 10, 2015 at 7:43 comment added Yaakov Baruch What about if $f$ is linear - is it a then a well known (trivial?) result?
Dec 10, 2015 at 7:12 history answered Qiaochu Yuan CC BY-SA 3.0