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Nov 24, 2015 at 2:10 comment added Omar Antolín-Camarena In free abelian groups the $\mathbb{Z}$ example does seem to work, @MikeShulman. By the way, thanks a lot for writing that note and several other extremely useful things that you've written that aren't meant to be published (I would guess), such as blog posts.
Nov 23, 2015 at 19:04 comment added Mike Shulman Excellent, now I can finally fix the note of mine that Qiaochu mentioned in a comment by including a correct example. This also suggests that perhaps my incorrect example was supposed to be $\mathbb{Z}$ in the category of free abelian groups.
Nov 22, 2015 at 18:44 comment added Tim Campion It also suggests a generalization: in any variety where every algebra is free and there is at least one nontrivial operation of arity $\geq 2$, the free algebra on one generator fits the bill. These varieties have been classified: they are either modules over a division ring or affine spaces over a division ring.
Nov 22, 2015 at 18:38 vote accept Omar Antolín-Camarena
Nov 22, 2015 at 18:38 comment added Omar Antolín-Camarena Thanks, Professor Rosický! This is a very nice example. The canonical colimit of $\mathbb{R}$'s for a vector space $V$ gives you a vector space with basis the projectivization $\mathbb{P}(V)$ (another manifestation of what @Tim says, that $\mathbb{R}$ only imposes the correct restriction on scalar multiplication, not on addition), which is of greater dimension than $V$ for $1< \mathrm{dim}\;V<\infty$.
Nov 22, 2015 at 18:24 comment added Tim Campion I like thinking of this in terms of the definition of dense generator which says that $G$ is dense in $C$ if the nerve functor $X \mapsto Hom(i_G-, X)$ is fully faithful (where $i_G: G \to C$ is the inclusion functor). It's easy to see that a natural transformation $Hom(i_{\{\mathbb R\}}, X) \implies Hom(i_{\{\mathbb R\}}, Y)$ consists of a homogeneous function $X \to Y$ but there's no reason for the function to be linear, since the addition map $\mathbb R^2 \to \mathbb R$ is not represented in the category $\{\mathbb R\}$. $\mathbb R^2$ is dense, though, because it does represent this map.
Nov 22, 2015 at 11:54 history edited Andrej Bauer CC BY-SA 3.0
Fix accents on Adamek, provide URL to the book.
Nov 22, 2015 at 10:17 history answered Jiří Rosický CC BY-SA 3.0