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Oct 20, 2015 at 8:30 comment added Dan Romik @user45947 no problem, I was actually baffled that you accepted my answer and thought at the time this was premature. Glad to see I was right :-)
Oct 20, 2015 at 8:28 comment added user45947 @DanRomik: I did a change on the accepted answer, as Serguei's answer (and your comment) resolved what I was after. Greatly appreciate the input from both.
Oct 20, 2015 at 8:21 vote accept user45947
Oct 19, 2015 at 22:14 comment added Dan Romik To add a bit to @SergueiPopov's last comment, the condition for a.s. convergence is given by the Kolmogorov three-series theorem, which in this situation reduces to the condition $\sum_n \textrm{Var}(X_n) = \sum_n p_n(1-p_n)<\infty$.
Oct 19, 2015 at 21:41 comment added Serguei Popov For example, if $\sum p_n<\infty$, then a.s. there will be only a finite number of 1's (so that $\sum X_n$ converges), and (since $E X_n=p_n$) $\sum E X_n$ converges as well. The other case is analogous (or consider $Y_n=1-X_n$, and observe that $X_n-EX_n=-(Y_n-EY_n)$).
Oct 19, 2015 at 21:32 comment added user45947 Great! That seems to be exactly what I'm looking for. I'm just wondering: I get intuitively why $\sum p_n = \sum (1-p_n) = \infty$ would lead to recurrence. But how would you argue more strictly that this statement rules out convergence to a finite limit of $S_n$? Perhaps the answer is obvious, but I'd be grateful for some help along the way.
Oct 19, 2015 at 21:08 comment added Serguei Popov Ah, seems that he changed chapters' order. In that version, it's Theorem 5.3.1.
Oct 19, 2015 at 20:58 comment added user45947 Just to be sure, do you mean Theorem 4.1.2 in the 2013 version? (It can be found here: math.duke.edu/~rtd/PTE/PTE4_1.pdf) This theorem holds only when $Y_i := X_i - \textrm{E}X_i$ are iid. However, while $\textrm{E}Y_i= \textrm{E}Y_j = 0$, in general $Y_i$ and $Y_j$ do not have the same variance and hence are not iid, so the theorem does not apply. Do you know if the theorem generalizes so that your argument holds?
Oct 19, 2015 at 19:39 review First posts
Oct 19, 2015 at 19:43
Oct 19, 2015 at 19:37 history answered Serguei Popov CC BY-SA 3.0