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Timeline for Number of squares in a finite group

Current License: CC BY-SA 3.0

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Oct 18, 2015 at 11:42 comment added YCor @GeoffRobinson Well, $S_3$ or even the cyclic group of order 6 being counterexamples, I think nobody conjectured such a fact :)
Oct 18, 2015 at 11:27 comment added Geoff Robinson It might be worth remarking that it is not generally true that in a finite group $G$ of even order, the number of squares is even (so there is indeed something to do for $S_{n}$): for example, in a group $G$ which has Sylow $2$-subgroups of exponent $2$, only elements of odd order are squares, and the number of elements of odd order in any finite group $G$ is odd ( as all elements of odd order except the identity occur in mutually inverse pairs).
Oct 18, 2015 at 0:44 history edited GH from MO CC BY-SA 3.0
fixed typos
Oct 17, 2015 at 22:56 comment added YCor @GHfromMO Thanks very much. For $p$ odd this is indeed a simple verification, but for $p=2$ I had to modify the argument in a quite unexpected way.
Oct 17, 2015 at 22:55 history edited YCor CC BY-SA 3.0
Fixed a flaw in the argument, detected by "GH from MO".
Oct 17, 2015 at 21:21 comment added GH from MO I think it should be remarked (in the case $p>2$) that an element of $Q^C$ is automatically a square within the centralizer of $C$. This is not obvious, because a square-root of an element from $Q^C$ can be outside the centralizer of $C$, e.g. a $2p$-cycle of the form $(1\tau_1\dots p\tau_p)$ is a square-root of $(1\dots p)(\tau_1\dots\tau_p)$.
Oct 17, 2015 at 20:57 history edited GH from MO CC BY-SA 3.0
edited body
Oct 17, 2015 at 20:27 history edited GH from MO CC BY-SA 3.0
fixed two typos
Oct 17, 2015 at 20:20 history answered YCor CC BY-SA 3.0