Yitang Zhang's Annals of Mathematics primes-gap result opened a new window, which Polymath's reduction from $70\times 10^6$ to $246$ attests. Perhaps Harald Helfgott's celebrated proof of the odd Goldbach's conjecture has not similarly open new avenues—or at least not yet. Certainly the Green-Tao theorem has opened new windows. Perhaps the Guth-Katz breakthrough on the Erdős distance problem has opened new windows.

My question is,

Q. Which results in the recent past (~last decade+) have opened significant windows into new mathematics?

I realize this is quite subjective, but it requires a high-level view of fields of mathematics to notice this while it is happening, in a way that those (like me) without that expertise cannot discern. It would be educational to learn of expert opinions, without diminishing the significance of any particular result. Rather I am hoping for a celebration of those results which seem not to be the end of a line of investigation, but rather a new beginning.

Yitang Zhang's Annals of Mathematics primes-gap result opened a new window, which Polymath's reduction from $70\times 10^6$ to $246$ attests. Perhaps Harald Helfgott's celebrated proof of the odd Goldbach's conjecture has not similarly open new avenues—or at least not yet. Certainly the Green-Tao theorem has opened new windows. Perhaps the Guth-Katz breakthrough on the Erdős distance problem has opened new windows.

My question is,

Q. Which results in the recent past (~last decade+) have opened significant windows into new mathematics?

I realize this is quite subjective, but it requires a high-level view of fields of mathematics to notice this while it is happening, in a way that others (like me) without that expertise cannot discern. It would be educational to learn of expert opinions, without diminishing the significance of any particular result. Rather I am hoping for a celebration of those results which seem not to be the end of a line of investigation, but rather a new beginning.