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Jul 30, 2015 at 10:00 comment added user3001 Thank you for your help. I did not know length 2 subscheme were local complete intersection. Although in Kollar's book there is only the criterion for flatness (theorem I.2.15), it should indeed be easy to conclude from it.
Jul 29, 2015 at 15:12 comment added Jason Starr Yes, you do have that. The standard obstruction theory for Hilbert schemes (as described in Artin's "Algebraization ... I" or in Chapter 1 of Koll'ar's "Rational curves ...") is actually an obstruction theory relative to a base $S$, at least as long as $\mathfrak{X}$ is flat over $S$ (otherwise there are some corrections). So the usual argument -- length $2$ schemes are LCI and the global obstruction is an $H^1$ that vanishes on zero dimensional schemes -- proves smoothness over $S$ of the relative Hilbert scheme.
Jul 29, 2015 at 15:04 history asked user3001 CC BY-SA 3.0