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Nov 19, 2021 at 16:48 comment added Joshua Grochow @YCor Actually I wasn't so much referring to your comment as Sergeichuk's result. I am confused about how to reconcile that result with the classification that one gets from Kronecker normal form for pencils. Either way you are right that codimension 3 is wild; and unrestricted codimension is TI-complete (when formulated appropriately) or what one might call "tensor wild" (eg doi.org/10.1016/j.laa.2018.12.022).
Nov 19, 2021 at 9:31 comment added YCor OK, actually I had no serious clue to say "I think this is wild", and should rather have said "I guess" — this is close to classifying spaces with a pair of alternating forms. Possibly one needs codimension 3 (that's roughly classifying spaces with a triple of alternating forms)?
Nov 19, 2021 at 9:09 comment added Joshua Grochow @YCor: Ah, but now I am confused. When the center is $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^2$ I believe there is a tame classification because of Kronecker normal form for matrix pencils (eg the corresponding classification for genus 2 p-groups can be seen in Brooksbank-Maglione-Wilson). I will have to dig/think some more to reconcile these...
Nov 19, 2021 at 9:06 comment added YCor Ah thanks. I have much less intuition about these ones, say of exponent $p^2$, since this boils down to Lie algebras over no longer fields but $\mathbf{Z}/p^2\mathbf{Z}$.
Nov 19, 2021 at 9:05 comment added Joshua Grochow @YCor: Ah, sorry, misread! Sergeichuk also proves it for groups whose centers are $\mathbb{Z}/p^2\mathbb{Z}$ if I recall correctly.
Nov 19, 2021 at 9:03 comment added YCor I said "$V$ 2-codimensional", not 2-dimensional.
Nov 19, 2021 at 8:54 comment added YCor To specify the first assertion, for $p$ odd prime, a 2-step-nilpotent group of exponent $p$ whose abelianization has rank $n$ is the same as the quotient of the free $n$-generated exponent $p$ 2-step-nilpotent group $L_n$ by a subspace $V$ of its center. The latter can be identified to $\bigwedge^2\mathbf{F}_p^n$ (which has dimension $n(n-1)/2$), and two resulting groups $L_n/V$, $L_n/V'$ are isomorphic iff $V,V'$ are in the same $\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbf{F}_p)$-orbit. Even for 2-codimensional $V$ (i.e. such groups of order $p^{n+2}$), I think this is wild (say, when $p$ is fixed and $n$ grows).
Nov 19, 2021 at 8:21 history edited Joshua Grochow CC BY-SA 4.0
Updated complexity of p-group iso to be more precise and added refs
Mar 31, 2015 at 13:51 vote accept Keivan Karai
Mar 4, 2015 at 6:05 history answered Joshua Grochow CC BY-SA 3.0