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Dec 23, 2014 at 21:29 comment added Alex Degtyarev @D.S.Park: Just one last addition: sometimes, you have to add $8$ to get the signature right and satisfy the hypothesis of Nikulin's theorem (without computing the determinant for $\mathrm{length}=\mathrm{rank}$). On the other hand, there's no need to add $[-1]$: if $n$ is odd, the result is odd automatically, if $n$ is even, you take the quadratic extension $\langle(n+1)/n\rangle$ rather than $\langle1/n\rangle$, so the quadratic forms are not identified via an anti-isomorphism and the ambient lattice is still odd. Now, everything seems taken care of, and it's still $2k+8$ :)
Dec 23, 2014 at 21:12 comment added D. S. Park Thank you very much! Your explanation is crystal clear now. :)
Dec 23, 2014 at 21:11 vote accept D. S. Park
Dec 23, 2014 at 18:19 comment added Alex Degtyarev Accidentally, the answer to your Question 5 is also $\le2k+8$, with the same proof :)
Dec 23, 2014 at 18:16 history edited Alex Degtyarev CC BY-SA 3.0
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Dec 23, 2014 at 17:59 comment added Alex Degtyarev I will try to put a short proof to the answer.
Dec 23, 2014 at 15:35 comment added D. S. Park Thanks for the answer. I'm surprised at your claim that $b(n,k) \leq 2k + {\rm const}$---can you explain this in more detail? I expected $\alpha_n$ to be larger than $2$ for, say, $n=12$. Note that I've fixed the signature of the lattice to be $(1,T)$ and assumed that the lattice is odd.
Dec 22, 2014 at 21:21 history answered Alex Degtyarev CC BY-SA 3.0