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Nov 2, 2014 at 21:48 comment added Terry Tao For what it's worth: there is at least one error in the proof of Lemma 2 in the arXiv preprint, namely in the third line of (21). An equality of integers is claimed there due to (18), but (18) only gives the claimed equality modulo $p^{i-1}(p-1)$. This is insufficient to then deduce the next line of (21).
Nov 2, 2014 at 21:06 comment added Terry Tao Standard heuristics would suggest that this proportion should be $\rho(d/u)$, where $d$ is the degree of $f$ and $\rho$ is Dickman's function. So, the claimed lemma should fail about $\rho(11) \approx 10^{-12}$ of the time, suggesting that counterexamples exist but would require an immense amount of computation to locate numerically.
Nov 2, 2014 at 20:07 comment added Dror Speiser I overshot there a bit... :)
Nov 2, 2014 at 20:06 history edited Dror Speiser CC BY-SA 3.0
changed wording to suit current knowledge/beliefs
Nov 2, 2014 at 19:46 comment added Lucia I don't think we know that values of polynomials get smooth (except for $u$ in some limited range), let alone for polynomials evaluated at primes.
Nov 2, 2014 at 18:39 history asked Dror Speiser CC BY-SA 3.0